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Åbäke
Within the Test Press Room there was a curated selection by Åbäke, a transdisciplinary graphic design collective, founded in 2000 by Patrick Lacey (UK), Benjamin Reichen (FR), Kajsa Ståhl (SE) and Maki Suzuki (FR) in London, England, after meeting at the Royal College of Art. More recently they contributed to the Palatial Examples.
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Bart de Baets
Bart de Baets (b. Knokke, 1979) is a graphic designer based in Amsterdam. He has currently designed the identity and a bimonthly bulletin for Kunstverein Langenhagen, and Forum, an architecture magazine, with Sandra Kassenaar. Past commissioners include The New Institute, AFK, TAAK, De Appel, The Weight of Colour, A New Divide?, Paradiso, Ace & Tate and the Cobra Museum, and a small hand full of bands. De Baets is responsible for The Bonus Room.
Kate Banar
Within the Test Press Room there was a curated selection (together with Orin Bristow) by Kate Banar, graphic design graduate from the Royal Academy of Art, The Hague 2019.
Nóra Békés
Nóra Békés is a graphic designer, visual storyteller and researcher. she studied graphic design at the Royal Academy of Art in The Hague, from where she graduated in 2018. in her applied work she focuses on typography and editorial design complemented with a strong interest in type design. Békés designed the third of the four Letters to the Minister and was also responsible for the newspaper published on the ooccasion of the exhibition in the Grote Kerk Breda.
Juan Luis Blanco
Juan Luis Blanco is a graphic designer, type designer and calligrapher based in San Sebastian (Spain). He has worked as a freelance graphic designer from 1997, and in 2013, he attained an MA in Typeface Design at the University of Reading. During the MATD he developed Amaikha, a multi-script font family comprising Latin, Greek, Cyrillic, Arabic and Tifinagh. Currently he combines calligraphy classes and graphic design with typographic projects that focus on the Basque lettering style. As a specialist of the Tiffinagh script he wrote an essay for The Labyrinth of Scripts.
Kylièn Sarino Bergh
Kylièn Sarino Bergh is a researcher and practitioner in the field of graphic design. With a hybrid background as a graphic designer, trained with a bachelor degree at the Royal Academy of Arts, and a design historian with a master degree in Arts and Culture with a specialisation on Design Culture from the Vrije University in Amsterdam, he aims to both investigate and participate to an deepening understanding of visual culture. On this website, he is your virtual tour guide.
Michèle Boulogne
Michèle Boulogne is a Martinican textile designer and multimedia archivist, She studied at Ensaama in Paris and the Design Academy in Eindhoven. Her work is often inspired by existing objects and social science fiction, focusing on giving materiality to research and bringing concerns out into the physical realm so that they can be discussed tangibly and collaboratively. For The Asemic Cabinet Boulogne has woven 26 Seemingly Undecrypted Flags.
Matthijs van Boxsel
Matthijs van Boxsel (Amsterdam, 1957) is a Dutch writer and “domgeer”. He graduated cum laude from the University of Amsterdam in 1983 with a thesis about stupidity. He believes that no one is intelligent enough to understand their own stupidity. His most important work is The Encyclopedia of Stupidity, which shows how stupidity manifests itself in all areas, in everyone, at all times, proposing that stupidity is the foundation of our civilization. Matthijs van Boxsel is regent of the Collège de ‘Pataphysique, an institute for ‘pataphysics. He guides the vistors through the Cosmographic Chambers.
Orin Bristow
Within the Test Press Room there was a curated selection (together with Kate Banar) by Orin Bristow, graphic design graduates from the Gerrit Rietveld Academie, Amsterdam 2018.
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Tony Côme
Former student of the Design Department of the École Normale Supérieure of Cachan and Associate of Applied Arts, Tony Côme teaches history and theory of design at the School of Fine Arts in Rennes. His thesis, entitled The Brigades of Projection: Learning to Cooperate questions the relationships that were established between French architects and designers from 1969 to 1989. A reworked part of it was published in 2017 by B42 editions. He co-founded the review Strabic.fr (2011), took part in the editorial board of L’Architecture d’Aujourd’hui (2010-2014) and then joined the editorial team of Back Cover (2016). He is also the author of several exhibition catalogs (Richard Niessen, A Hermetic Compendium of Typographic Masonry, Franciscopolis, 2014, Didier Faustino, MY CRAFTS, 2016). Tony Côme wrote essays for the Building Brick Storage and The Typotectural Suites.
Cleo Tsw
Singapore-born graphic designer and writer based in Amsterdam, Cleo Tsw runs the publishing imprint Off Course, and is currently assistant coordinator at the Graphic Design department, Gerrit Rietveld Academie, where she graduated in 2019. Tsw developed a magnetic system of blocks, to be used to mark the various shelving units and rack cabinets in the Building Sets Storage.
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Vanessa van Dam
Vanessa van Dam (Amsterdam, 1971) mad the signpost in the Passage of Entanglement. Van Dam is an independent graphic designer who graduated in 1996 at the Gerrit Rietveld Academy (Amsterdam) and since then works with artists, architects, photographers, writers and curators. Besides running her studio, she teaches graphic design at the University of Applied Sciences and Arts in Dortmund (Germany) and has participated in several commissions and juries.
Linda van Deursen
Linda van Deursen is a graphic designer. She has been working together with her colleague Armand Mevis as Mevis & van Deursen since 1987 (until 2022). They mostly work for the cultural sector, creating new identities for clients like Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam, MCA Chicago and documenta 14. Until 2014 Van Deursen worked as head of the Graphic Design department of Amsterdam’s Gerrit Rietveld Academie. She is currently teaching at Yale School of Art and the Non-linear Narrative master’s programme at KABK in The Hague. Van Deursen was interviewed by Esther de Vries in The Library of Inextricable Books.
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Jan Egbers
Jan Egbers is a designer based in Amsterdam, working on type design with Our Polite Society and he is part of the Amsterdam-based publishing collective Spookstad. In collaboration with Justus Gelberg and Lukas Engelhart he contributed to the Repository of Porous Identities.
Lukas Engelhart
Lukas Engelhart is a graphic designer and artist mostly based in Amsterdam and online. In the last few years he has been interested in autonomous infrastructures, online as well as offline. Together with Justus Gelberg he runs the graphic design studio Correspondence, and he is part of the Amsterdam-based publishing collective Spookstad. In collaboration with Justus Gelberg and Jan Egbers he contributed to the Repository of Porous Identities.
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fanfare
fanfare is a platform and design studio for cross-disciplinary collaboration and visual communication. Through an active programme, fanfare generates, explores, and curates environments for visual interactions. fanfare represents The Playground of the In-Between.
Farah Fayyad
Farah Fayyad (b. 1990, Lebanon) is a graphic designer and printmaker. During popular uprisings in Lebanon in 2019, Fayyad and a group of friends installed a manual screen-printing press at the heart of the Beirut protests. They printed artworks and slogans by local designers onto the clothing of protestors, bringing Arabic typography into the public and political sphere. Equally passionate about Arabic typography, her contemporary typeface, Kufur, is based on historic Kufic calligraphy. Fayyad collaborated with Ott Metusula in The Exchange Room.
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Joel Galvez
Joel Galvez designs and builts websites. In collaboration with Meeusontwerpt he developed this labyrinthical website.
Justus Gelberg
Justus Gelberg is a graphic designer and artist graduating from the department art at Hochschule für Gestaltung, Offenbach. His field of expertise includes layout, typography and editorial techniques, website design and animated graphics.Together with Lukas Engelhart he runs the graphic design studio Correspondence In collaboration with Lukas Engelhart and Jan Egbers he contributed to the Repository of Porous Identities.
Goys & Birls
Goys & Birls is an Amsterdam based design and research studio. Their work – both commissioned and self-directed – reflects on contemporary culture and developments in society. Goys & Birls designed the second of the four Letters to the Minister.
Henk Groenendijk
Henk Groenendijk has been a professor at the Gerrit Rietveld Academie since 1986. He himself graduated from the audiovisual department of the Gerrit Rietveld Academie and started a career as an independent graphic designer whilst also developing his methods as a teacher, researcher and curator. He founded the Test Press Room , together with Elisabeth Klement and Matthias Kreutzer.
Studio Joost Grootens
Next to designing digital information environments, maps, typefaces and spatial installations Studio Joost Grootens (SJG) works primarily in the field of book design. SJG is constantly challenged to develop appropriate formats that justify the production of printed material, acknowledging the growing need for visual representation of data. The books SJG makes present knowledge, but they also question the relevance of typologies such as catalogues, indexes and atlases as part of an ongoing research process. SJG responded to the collection of The Cosmographic Chambers with Space Atlas M.
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Hackers & Designers
Hackers & Designers (H&D) is a conglomerate of practitioners from different fields and backgrounds (technology, design, art, and education) currently operating between Amsterdam, Rotterdam and Brussels. H&D is organized in a cooperative fashion, distributing responsibility over finances and decision making. Known for their experiments in alternative ways of reproduction and publishing, they made a contribution to the Social Catalyst Laboratory.
Hansje van Halem
Hansje van Halem (1978) graduated from the Gerrit Rietveld Academy and started her own studio in Amsterdam in 2003. She is a designer of books, decorated endpapers, stamps, posters and recently also architectural objects. Her experiments with letter shapes and patterns, often in combination, move between applied and autonomous. An example of this is the visual identity for the Lowlands Festival, which was launched in 2017. In Von Wersin’s Kitchen she had a talk with Mienke Simon Thomas.
Tamara Hartman
Tamara L. M. Hartman is a Dutch journalist, writer and opinion maker. She is known for several articles for the platform OneWorld, for which she writes about injustice, inclusivity and identity. She deals with postcolonial theory, black feminism and critical race theory. With her research into the visual identy of the city of Amsterdam she contributed to the Repository of Porous Identities.
Victoria Hoogstoël
Victoria Hoogstoël is a graphic artist based in Amsterdam and Paris, who likes to mix analog and digital techniques, focussing her practise on comic-making while working on commissioned advertisements and graphic design. Her interest in icons and symbols made her the perfect contributor for The Amalgamable Archive.
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William Jacobson
William Jacobson is a London based graphic designer from Stockholm. After completing his BA at the Gerrit Rietveld Academie in 2016, he has since been around Europe assisting, freelancing and working for various creative studios. He did his MA at the Royal College of Art in London and works for the studio Europa founded by Mia Frostner and Robert Sollis. Jacobson worked on a pavilion in The Pavilions of Honour.
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Kapitaal Utrecht
Kapitaal is a place for creative image makers where design, craftsmanship and pop culture come together. Run by Carlien Peijsel en Ramon Goedvree it not only has a creative workplace, but also exhibition rooms and a bar. Kapitaal gave a lecture in The Modest Masters' Mesmerizing Screen Print Shop.
Matthias Kreutzer
Matthias Kreutzer (DE) is a typographer and type designer. After his studies at the Gerrit Rietveld Academie he founded Our Polite Society together with Jens Schildt (SE), a studio for graphic design, type design and typographic research based in Amsterdam and Stockholm. He founded the Test Press Room , together with Henk Groenendijk and Elisabeth Klement.
Elisabeth Klement
Elisabeth Klement (EE) is a graphic designer based in Amsterdam. She studied at the Gerrit Rietveld Academie and Sandberg Instituut. Her practice encompasses various activities such as teaching, curating, organizing, and publishing. She founded the Test Press Room , together with Henk Groenendijk and Matthias Kreutzer.
Els Kuijpers
Trained as art historian in Leiden, Els Kuijpers is specialized in graphic design from 1945 with great interest in editorial design. Kuijpers made exhibitions about Jan van Toorn (Kunsthal 2004, MICA Baltimore 2007), Pierre di Sciullo and Letterror (Jan van Eyck Academy 1995 and 2000). Between 1992 and 1999 she was attached to the Jan van Eyck Academy as head of the knowledge center and editor of the production and exhibition office. She works as a lecturer in design theory and design history and conducts workshops at various academies. She regularity publishes books and articles in magazines. Els Kuijpers gave a lecture in The Modest Masters’ Mesmerizing Screen Print Shop and was part of the conversation in The Playground of the In-between.
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Steven Lenoir
Graphic designer, graduated from the Gerrit Rietveld Academy in 2017, interested in making beautiful and sensible interfaces for products and infrastructures. Currently based in Amsterdam, Lenoir designed the first of the four Letters to the Minister.
Harmen Liemburg
Harmen Liemburg is a graphic artist/designer currently based in Arnhem. Usually regarded as one of the applied disciplines, he likes to see graphic design as a vehicle for imagination, storytelling and expression, regardless if it’s a commissioned or a self-initiated project. Liemburg contributed to Tracing Board Treasury, The Modest Masters’ Mesmerizing Screen Print Shop and The Pavillions of Honour.
Silvio Lorusso
Silvio Lorusso is an Italian writer, artist and designer based in Lisbon, Portugal. He published Entreprecariat (Onomatopee) in 2019 and What Design Can’t Do (Set Margins’) in 2023. Lorusso is an assistant professor at the Lusófona University in Lisbon and a tutor at the Information Design department of Design Academy Eindhoven. He holds a Ph.D. in Design Sciences from the Iuav University of Venice. Lorusso stresses that design always implies mediation, if not compromise: graphic design originates (like almost all cultural productions) within a social interplay of forces. Since he calls for redefining the design field Lorusso was invited to lecture at the presentation of The Mechanics of the Mediating Discipline.
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Kees Maas
Kees Maas was part of 'De Enschedese School', founder of graphic publishing house Interbellum, made posters for Paradiso, ran the workplace at Rietveld and much more. A unique and important figure with a good excuse not to have to start his own art, central in The Modest Master's Mesmerizing Screen Print Shop.
Benjamin Mc Millan
Graphic designer Benjamin McMillan graduated in 2020 from ArtEZ in Arnhem. In 2021 he worked on his project Full Auto Foundry. 'In it, I explore in it how automation can be used to develop new letters and fonts. I organise workshops in which new fonts are designed, which are then automatically are converted to a digital file. It has become a kind of roving font making workshop.’ Mc Millan, who also calls himself a ‘bad type designer’, worked in The Labyrinth of Scripts.
Meeus ontwerpt
Twinsisters Janna and Hilde (Arnhem, 1980) are working together since 2007. In their work they combine an interest in poetry, journalism, science and typography. Meeus ontwerpt created this website, in collaboration with Joel Galvez. They did the design and short movie of The Modest Master's Mesmerizing Screen Print Shop and made movies for the Test Press Room. Janna Meeus also worked on the three 'Door de lezen' video's in The Studyroom of Unravelling Lenses.
Metahaven
Metahaven is a strategic design studio operating on the cutting blade between communication, aesthetics, and politics. Founded by Vinca Kruk and Daniel van der Velden, Metahaven ingeniously creates odd assemblages into a variety of art forms ranging from installation work to apparel. Their work, both commissioned and self-directed, approaches branding and identity in such a way to depict contemporary forms of power, in an age where power is especially designed to exclude as many people as possible from its operating system, its code. Metahaven created the 'Subtitle Pavilion' in The Pavilions of Honour.
Ott Metusula
Ott Metusala, originally from Estonia, is a graphic designer based in Amsterdam. He works mainly on applied and self-initiated projects and is also currently workshop manager at the BB workshop. He publishes under the name Catalog. Metusula collaborated with Farah Fayyad in The Exchange Room.
Moniker
Moniker is an Amsterdam based interactive design studio. They work on commissioned design projects while also investing in projects of an autonomous and experimental nature. The studio works across various media for a diverse range of clients ranging from those in the cultural field to commercial companies. With their projects, we explore the social effects of technology – how we use technology and how it influences our daily lives. Moniker specialises in interactive, print, video, physical installation and performance work. For the Palace they created a workshop for the Gameboard Corridor.
Fanette Mellier
Specialising in print design, Fanette Mellier (1977), a Paris-based designer creates mainly atypical works in the cultural field. She has contributed to many magazines and graphic festivals and her works have been displayed in numerous contemporary art museums and centres, such as the Centre Pompidou in Paris, the Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam and the Cooper-Hewitt Smithsonian Design Museum in New York. Fanette Mellier was a guest in The Gridded Section and contributed with her ‘Waltzing Grids’.
Maureen Mooren
Maureen Mooren is art-director at Nieuwe Instituut, Professor of System Design at the Academy of Fine Arts Leipzig and independent designer (Holland Festival, Marres, HNI)). She has a particular fascination with stationery and office supplies: staplers, photocopiers, raw materials, simple papers... it may seem obvious that she often materialises her designs as paper theatres. With her critical eye and as a committed peer she was invited to enhance the visibility and message of The Mechanics of the Mediating Discipline.
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Richard Niessen
As the Founder, Initiator of Designer of The Palace of Typographic Masonry Richard Niessen made the whole structure of this imaginary building and initiated and filled many rooms. In this role he acted as an ambassador of the craft (Letters to the Minister) and as catalyst of new rooms realized by fellows.
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Our Polite Society
Our Polite Society (OPS) is a studio for graphic design, letter design and typographic research based in Amsterdam and Stockholm, founded by Jens Schildt (SE) and Matthias Kreutzer (D). OPS' production includes formats such as books, magazines, posters, record sleeves, exhibitions, signage systems, graphic identities, websites and typefaces. OPS developed asemic aquatic marks for The Asemic Cabinet.
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Nejc Prah
Graphic designer Nejc Prah (1989) works with vibrant colours and crazy shapes creating work that combines 80s club typography with fourth dimension landscapes. The Slovenian-born, New York-based designer has produced work across print and digital that is disruptive, vibrant and unique. Having first studied at the Academy of Arts and Design Ljubljana, Prah graduated in 2013 and headed to Yale to study an MFA at the Graphic Design department. he imagined the Tracing Board Treasury as a tableaux representing the Masonic universe.
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Harriët van Reek
Harriët van Reek, who contributed to The Asemic Cabinet, is a picture book maker, image maker and illustration lecturer at ArtEZ University of Applied Sciences. She wrote and drew several picture books, including 'Letter Soup' (part of the resource collection of The Typotectural Suites) and 'Letter Dreams with Do' (silver brush 2008), which are characterised by a strong harmony of text and illustrations. The stories are absurdist in character and full of unexpected, associative twists.
RNDR
RNDR is a design studio for interactive media that develops ‘tools’ that are only finished by how they are used. Their work explores and engages with hybrid space as it embraces both the digital and the physical. RNDR was founded in 2017 in The Hague, (NL). Its main members have a background in graphic design, computer science, art, coding, interaction design and data visualisation. The studio worked in the Veranda of Floating Threads.
The Rodina
The Rodina is a critical design studio with an experimental practice drenched in strategies of performance art, play and subversion. For The Palace of Typographic Masonry they built The Chamber of Transformation.
Lies Ros
Within the Test Press Room there was a curated selection by Lies Ros, member of design studio Wild Plakken. In the seventies, this collective made startling activist posters. The message was clear and was written in primary colors, surfaces, bars, photos and letters.
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Mienke Simon Thomas
Since 1993, Mienke Simon Thomas has been working as a curator at Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, where she made exhibitions on subjects in the field of applied art and design from the 20th century (a selection: Dutch Art Nouveau and Art Deco ceramics, Jaap Gidding, Art Deco in the Netherlands, Jac. Jongert, Tasting is buying). Her PhD research at the Free University in Amsterdam with Carel Blotkamp resulted in her dissertation The Doctrine of the Ornament in 1996. Decorate according to regulation 1850 - 1930. In Von Wersin’s Kitchen she had a talk with hansje van Halem.
Mathias Schweizer
Graphic designer based in France, Mathias Schweizer creates visual identities, books or posters for cultural & commercial projects. Schweizer designed two posters to announce The Hallway of the Subjective Narrative.
Kristiāna Marija Sproģe
Kristiāna Marija Sproģe, responsible for the mysterious admission tickets in The Asemic Cabinet, is a graphic designer and co-founder of the artist group 3/8 with an interest in multidisciplinary collaboration, invention of new working methods, sustainability and conceptual and critical thinking. Her work intertwines extensive research with the process of developing unique visual languages based on the theoretical and conceptual research of the subject.
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Team Thursday
Graphic design studio Team Thursday, founded by Loes van Esch and Simone Trum, collaborating as a duo since 2010. TT focusses on the design and art direction of visual identities varying in scale and complexity – from festivals to books and exhibition design. TT worked on Von Wersin’s Kitchen.
Jelle van der Toorn Vrijthoff
Graphic designer Jelle van der Toorn Vrijthoff was director of Total Design from 1982 to 2002, has taught at the Rietveld Academy, and the academies in Den Bosch and Rotterdam. Now he has his own "management and consultancy agency" QuinX. Van der Toorn Vrijthoff talked about the origin and use of the symbols in Freemasonry in the Tracing Board Treasury.
Jan van Toorn
Jan van Toorn (1932-2020), is one of the most influential graphic designers in the Netherlands. A substantive strategy is central to his approach; this results in a design practice as a form of visual journalism. Van Toorn designed the last of the four Letters to the Minister.
Mirelle van Tulder
Mirelle van Tulder is an artist, designer and researcher. She is also founder of Roots to Fruits, an Amsterdam-based publishing house that ‘facilitates intergenerational and decolonial dialogues by publishing overlooked archival material’, making unknown work available to a new and wider audience. Van Tulder collected an archive of institutional en non-institutional use of the three crosses in Amsterdams visual identity for the Repository of Porous Identities.
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Julius Vermeulen
Julius Vermeulen was advisor on art and graphic design at the communication department at PostNL (1988-2017). He was responsible for the important characteristic brand elements of Royal TNT Post on graphic and industrial design such as housestyle and corporate items. His dream of creating his own gallery is finally fulfilled after many years (even if it is only for one work of art): Eenwerk opened in 2017 at the Koninginneweg in Amsterdam and shows work by artists like Steve McQueen, Stanley Brouwn, Berend Strik and many others. Julius Vermeulen took part in the conversation in The Playground of the In-between.
Christel Vesters
Christel Vesters wrote about the kente textile technique in The Veranda of Floating Threads. Vester is a curator, writer and teacher based in Amsterdam. She studied art history and curating in Amsterdam, New York and London and graduated cum laude from the University of Amsterdam with a MA in Art History. She has an established career in art criticism and curating.
Dirk Vis
Dirk Vis (1981) is a writer and creates fiction, columns, scenarios and essays. Vis studied Beeld & Taal at the Rietveld Academy and Design at the Sandberg Institute. He published Bestseller (2009) in a limited edition, and with De Gids he published the ebook Het reality essay (2017). Vis presents texts in various forms such as performances, chapbooks and moving poems for leading institutions and occasions. He introduced and maintains the Hallway of Reflections.
Esther de Vries
is a bookdesigner. She did the design of the book about the Palace: The Palace of Typographic Masonry - a guided tour, published by Spector books. Invited to make a contribution to The Palace of Typographic Masonry, she established the The Library of Inextricable Books.
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Edgar Walthert
Edgar Walthert is a Swiss type– and graphic-designer based in Amsterdam. He works across a range of design-fields with a focus on logotypes and music. Walthert added the Annex of Universal Languages to the Palace.
Alex Walker
Currently based in Amsterdam (after his study for a Master’s degree at the Sandberg Institute) Alex grew up in Shelley, West Yorkshire, of which he recalls an early interest in CD artwork, graffiti, skateboarding and so on; which served as an initial introduction to graphic design. Walker designed a display typeface for the Building Sets Storage.
Dirk van Weelden
Dirk van Weelden (1957) grew up in Alkmaar, studied philosophy in the 1970s and 80s at the University of Groningen. After graduating in 1983, he moved to Amsterdam. In this period he published in various magazines and worked as a writer together with visual artists. With Martin Bril he formed a writers’ duo. In 1987 they made their debut with Arbeidsvitaminen. The ABC of Bril & Van Weelden. For Mobilhome (1991), Van Weelden received the Multatuli prize in 1992. In 1999 he received the Frans Kellendonk prize. Since 1999 he has been a member of the editors of the literary magazine De Gids. Van Weelden is a prominent member of the Dutch Academy for ‘Pataphysics. In ‘The Palace of Typographic Masonry - a guided tour' he took up the role as ‘guide’.
Daniel Wiesmann
Berlin-based graphic designer Daniel Wiesmann focuses on the conception and design of books, exhibition catalogues, and posters, as well as the development of visual identities. He created the Pavilion of Honour honoring Niklaus Troxler.
Riet Wijnen
Within the Test Press Room there was a curated selection by artist & curator Riet Wijnen, who works mostly in the media of photography, sculptures, video, and text writing. In her work, she explores links between abstraction, perception, language, and structures through the historiography of abstraction in different fields.
Uzume Wijnsma
Egyptologist / Assyriologist Uzume Wijnsma is part of the research project "Persia and Babylonia: Creating a New Context for Understanding the Emergence of the First World Empire" (PI: Prof. Dr. Caroline Waerzeggers). Her PhD research focuses on the Egyptian and Babylonian rebellions against the Achaemenid Empire. She gave a talk about the relationship between writing and power in The Labyrinth of Scripts.